11TH COMMERCE SYLLABUS

1 

Introduction to Accounting 

Introduction to Accounting, Accounting as a Language of Business, Transactions and Events, Objectives of Accounting, Users of Accounting Information, Branches of Accounting, Accounting Concepts, Principles and Conventions 

2 

Theory Base of Accounting 

Accounting Standards, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Accounting Policies, Accounting as an Information System, Capital and Revenue Expenditures, Capital and Revenue Receipts, Contingent Assets and Contingent Liabilities, Nature of Accounts, Accounting Equation 

3 

Recording of Transactions - I 

Accounting Equation and Analysis of Transactions, Rules of Debit and Credit, Accounting for Assets, Accounting for Liabilities, Accounting for Capital 

4 

Recording of Transactions - II 

Preparation of Vouchers, Accounting for Vouchers, Verification of Accounting Vouchers, Discount, Trade Discount and Cash Discount, Goods and Services Tax (GST) 

5 

Bank Reconciliation Statement 

Need for Reconciliation, Causes of Differences, Preparation of Bank Reconciliation Statement, Accounting Treatment of Dishonoured Cheques, Interest on Bank Deposits and Overdraft, Treatment of Uncredited Cheques, Preparation of Adjusted Cash Book 

6 

Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors 

Objectives of Trial Balance, Preparation of Trial Balance, Limitations of Trial Balance, Errors and their Types, Rectification of Errors, Adjusting Entries 

7 

Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves 

Depreciation - Meaning and Need, Causes of Depreciation, Methods of Calculating Depreciation, Accounting Treatment of Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves - Meaning, Objectives and Types 

8 

Bill of Exchange 

Bill of Exchange - Meaning, Features and Parties, Types of Bills of Exchange, Terms used in Bills of Exchange, Accounting Treatment of Bills of Exchange, Dishonour of Bill 

9 

Financial Statements - I 

Financial Statements - Meaning, Objectives and Importance, Trading and Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet, Adjustments in Preparation of Financial Statements 

10 

Financial Statements - II 

Financial Analysis and Interpretation, Tools for Financial Analysis - Comparative Statements, Common Size Statements, Cash Flow Statement - Meaning, Objectives and Preparation 

11 

Accounts from Incomplete Records 

Ascertainment of Profit/Loss, Statement of Affairs, Conversion Method 

12 

Applications of Computers in Accounting 

Introduction to Computers, Applications of Computers in Accounting, Computerised Accounting System, Advantages and Limitations of Computerised Accounting System 

13 

Computerised Accounting System 

Overview of Computerised Accounting System, Structure of CAS, Features of CAS, Advantages and Limitations of CAS, Comparison of Manual Accounting with CAS 

1 

Business, Trade and Commerce 

Meaning and Features of Business, Industry and Commerce, Objectives of Business, Economic and Non-Economic Activities, Forms of Business Organisation 

2 

Forms of Business Organisation 

Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Hindu Family Business, Co-operative Societies, Company, Formation of a Company 

3 

Private, Public and Global Enterprises 

Private Sector Enterprises, Public Sector Enterprises, Global Enterprises, Joint Ventures, Public-Private Partnership 

4 

Business Services 

Banking, Insurance, Transport, Warehousing, Communication, Postal and Courier Services, Utility Services 

5 

Emerging Modes of Business 

E-Business, Outsourcing, Franchising, Direct Selling, Multi-Level Marketing, Tele Marketing, Corporate Social Responsibility 

6 

Social Responsibilities of Business and Business Ethics 

Concept of Social Responsibility, Responsibilities Towards Different Interest Groups, Business Ethics 

7 

Formation of a Company 

Promoters, Incorporation of a Company, Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, Prospectus 

8 

Sources of Business Finance 

Equity Shares, Preference Shares, Debentures, Retained Earnings, Loans and Advances, Public Deposits, Trade Credit, Factoring 

9 

Small Business 

Meaning and Definition of Small Business, Role of Small Business in India, Problems Faced by Small Business, Government Policies to Promote Small Business 

10 

Internal Trade 

Meaning and Types of Internal Trade, Channels of Distribution, Retail Trade, Wholesale Trade, Services in Internal Trade 

11 

International Business - I 

Nature and Significance of International Business, India's Foreign Trade 

12 

International Business - II 

Export Trade, Import Trade, Counter Trade, International Business Risk 

13 

Project Work 

Project Identification, Market Survey, Preparation of Project Report, Project Appraisal, Implementation, Financing, Marketing and Distribution, Evaluation and Control 

1 

Indian Economy on the Eve of
Independence 

State of Indian Economy, Agriculture, Industries, Infrastructure, Foreign Trade, Demographic Condition, Occupational Structure, National Income 

2 

Indian Economy 1950-1990 

Agriculture, Industry, Foreign Trade, National Income and Per Capita Income, Population, Employment and Unemployment, Infrastructure 

3 

Liberalisation, Privatisation and 
Globalisation: An Appraisal 

Economic Reforms, New Economic Policy (NEP), Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation, Globalisation and its Impact on India 

4 

Poverty 

Absolute Poverty, Relative Poverty, Human Poverty, Poverty as a Challenge, Causes of Poverty, Anti-Poverty Measures 

5 

Human Capital Formation in India 

Human Capital, Importance of Human Capital, Education and Human Capital Formation, Health and Human Capital Formation, Other Sources of Human Capital 

6 

Rural Development 

Rural Development, Credit and Marketing in Rural Areas, Agricultural Marketing, Diversification into Rural Non-Farm Activities, Sustainable Development and Organic Farming 

7 

Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues 

Employment Growth in India, Recent Trends in Employment, Informalisation of Workforce, Worker's Participation in Management 

8 

Infrastructure 

Infrastructure, Energy, Transportation, Communication, Tourism as an Industry 

9 

Environment and Sustainable Development 

Environment and Development, Sustainable Development, Environmental Degradation, Sustainable Development and India's Economic Development 

10 

Comparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours 

Economic Reforms and Their Impact on the Neighbours, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka 

1 

Introduction 

Introduction to Statistics, Collection of Data, Types of Data, Methods of Data Collection, Primary and Secondary Data, Census and Sample Surveys, Advantages and Limitations of Sampling 

2 

Collection of Data 

Census and Sample Surveys, Pilot Survey, Sampling Methods, Sampling and Non-Sampling Errors 

3 

Organisation of Data 

Meaning and Types of Variables, Frequency Distribution, Graphical Representation of Data, Frequency Polygon, Ogive, Histogram 

4 

Presentation of Data 

Tabular Presentation, Diagrammatic Presentation, Measures of Central Tendency, Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode 

5 

Measures of Dispersion 

Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient 

6 

Correlation 

Introduction, Scatter Diagram, Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation, Spearman's Rank Correlation 

7 

Index Numbers 

Meaning and Uses of Index Numbers, Methods of Constructing Index Numbers, Simple Aggregative Method, Weighted Aggregative Method, Tests of Adequacy of Index Numbers 

8 

Introduction to Econometrics 

Meaning and Scope of Econometrics, Relationship between Econometrics and Statistics, Basic Concepts in Econometrics 

9 

Basic Econometrics Tools 

Linear Regression Analysis, Regression Lines, Estimation of Parameters of a Regression Line, Properties of Regression Coefficients 

10 

Introduction to Probability 

Random Experiments, Sample Space, Events, Probability of an Event, Properties of Probability, Addition and Multiplication Theorems of Probability 

1 

Sets 

Introduction to Sets; Sets and their Representations 

2 

Relations and Functions 

Types of Relations; Types of Functions; Composition of Functions 

3 

Trigonometric Functions 

Introduction to Trigonometric Functions; Trigonometric Identities 

4 

Principle of Mathematical Induction 

Principle of Mathematical Induction; Applications 

5 

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations 

Introduction to Complex Numbers; Quadratic Equations 

6 

Linear Inequalities 

Linear Inequalities; Algebraic Solutions 

7 

Permutations and Combinations 

Fundamental Principles of Counting; Permutations; Combinations 

8 

Binomial Theorem 

Binomial Theorem and its Applications 

9 

Sequences and Series 

Sequences; Arithmetic Progressions; Geometric Progressions 

10 

Straight Lines 

Slope of a Line; Various Forms of Equations of a Line 

11 

Conic Sections 

Introduction to Conic Sections; Circles and Parabolas 

12 

Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry 

Coordinate Axes and Coordinate Planes 

13 

Limits and Derivatives 

Intuitive Idea of Derivatives; Limits and Derivatives 

14 

Mathematical Reasoning 

Statements; Validating Statements; Connecting Words 

15 

Statistics 

Measures of Dispersion; Correlation 

16 

Probability 

Basic Concepts of Probability; Conditional Probability